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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁3 S' Z7 l P" _3 I
- c2 T$ ]# ?3 h0 [7 L# j7 E “They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”* W! p) p* e5 x4 T' F
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:
" w: G) j6 f& C q; B. o! K “They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”
2 J* R& Y+ {! H. T6 F# g 不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:9 `( t! V# ]6 J6 a# y: @4 u
“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
* D, H( F# x4 M6 c T ^ 不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。
# u! M( e, p/ ^' l7 g% o) o 现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。. M) r2 c8 R1 P
Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:$ B/ v8 i5 x+ Y% d$ O
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:5 d$ L' o5 k! A) H: ^
① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.
7 M; B6 A* g k ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.( @$ r6 x; j! n8 H
Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
2 u7 Z5 a' Z* M& }+ A But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:
' T8 C: l; A5 _4 J ③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.5 v* X. s# c( @2 y+ |
④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
* {0 F. O4 D- O$ P3 e( Y Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:
0 Z* [) [' l8 [ Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:/ W$ f% y2 ?& c n/ f# L" V
⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.2 Z+ V( ]. y4 x- [( c3 h
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
& \) C1 E+ @& R* {1 ]4 t Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
! Q* _3 k/ H; T% y Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:; B& g" F: Y+ a* F/ J# ]; m+ `
⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice. n) N; ^1 _( d: Q: {( b- n& C
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
% W0 W7 \8 X2 Q3 Z6 v Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:# r. V! P7 T9 C, T
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:( x3 I4 L6 @0 A7 ?$ {' N& Z9 v
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".+ j7 I, w' C" ?8 v* }$ c' ]+ |
Ⅵ表示“结束”:
. {" x( c( T4 j7 H% H- I6 k To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:
) b8 l7 S$ o# A% ?/ ~! p& |+ R" n ⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.2 I/ O: e6 B+ L( P& a. h! K
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